The potential of green water meal as an ingredient in the formulated diet for juvenile Pacific White Shrimp, Litopenaeus Vannamei

Steady increase of fishmeal price due to unreliable supply of fish meal in the world market, coupled with increased demand have led aquaculture nutritionist to search for cheaper and sustainable alternative protein sources that can be incorporated in formulated diets. Green water which consists of green microalgae (mainly Chlorella sp.) can be produced easily in freshwater fish culture tank. Dried green water or green water meal GWM contains relatively high crude protein making it a potential candidate for fishmeal substitution. In the present study, the potential of GWM as a substitute of fish meal in the diets of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamel) was evaluated through two feeding trials. In Feeding Trial 1, five isoproteic and isolipidic diets with 0% (control diet), 10% (GWM10), 20% (GWM20), 30% (GWM30) and 40% (GWM40) GWM replacing fishmeal protein were fed to triplicate groups of shrimp, with an average initial weight of 1.73±0.003g and cultured in a flow-through tank culture system. The shrimps were fed by hand three times daily with amount 7-10% of their body weight for 44 days. In general, growth of the shrimp decreased with increasing level of GWM substitution. Although the 10% replacement of GWM (GWM10) caused significantly lower final body weight (FBW) and weight gain (WG) (P<0.05) compared with the control diet, the dry feed intake (DFI), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and specific growth rate (SGR) of this diet were not statistically different (P>0.05) from the control diet. In Feeding Trial 2, diets were formulated using the same speCification with diet's formulation in Feeding Trial 1 and fed to bigger size shrimps with an average initial weight of 6.42±0.02g and fed at 5-7% of their body weight daily for 56 days to investigate if larger shrimp has better tolerance than the smaller shrimp to GWM as dietary protein source. Similar growth trend with Feeding Trial 1 was observed in this trial. However, shrimp fed diet GWM10 did not show any signi