Efectes de l'administració de l'ornitina fenilacetat (OCR-002) en pacients amb cirrosi hepàtica i hemorràgia digestiva alta

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a major complication of cirrhosis associated with high mortality and poor quality of life. Multiple risk factors have been classically associated with the development of HE, including upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB). UGIB induces a status of hyperammonemia through the intraluminal digestion of blood nitrogenous compounds by colonic bacteria. In addition, the catabolic status caused by gastrointestinal bleeding provokes an increase in ammoniagenesis in different tissues. Ammonia and its transformation to glutamine in the astrocyte appear to be a key factor in HE development and pathogenesis. Current strategies for the treatment of HE have been focused on lowering ammonia production. Ornithine phenylacetate (OP) is a new drug proposed as an ammonia scavenger, our first trial proved that OP is a safe and well tolerated drug in decompensated cirrhotics, and confirmed the mechanism of action: decrease plasma ammonia by inducing its appearance as phenylacetylglutamine in urine. In the second trial we assess OP efficacy in lowering plasma ammonia levels vs. placebo in cirrhotic patients after UGIB. The primary outcome was a decrease in venous plasma ammonia during the first 24h of 25 µmol/L, this outcome was not archived, but dose of 10g/day proved to decreases plasma ammonia in cirrhotic patients, especially in Child-Pugh C patients, the data suggest that higher doses of OP might be required in Child-Pugh A and B patients to maximize ammonia elimination, and proved once again the proposed mechanism of action as well as the safety of the drug. L'encefalopatia hepàtica (EH) és una complicació de la cirrosis hepática associada a un augment de la mortalitat i a una disminució en la qualitat de vida. El desenvolupament de l'EH s'ha associat amb múltiples factors de risc, entre ells destaca l'hemorràgia digestiva alta (HDA). L'HDA indueix un estat d'hiperamonièmia secundari a la digestió dels components nitrogenats de la sang arribada a niv