ウイルス性皮膚疾患

最終講義
1970 年代から1980 年代にかけて分子生物学は発展期であった.当時,ウイルス学は分子生物学を牽引していた.なぜならば,ウイルスは核酸が基本の生物だからである.また,モノクローナル抗体,酵素抗体法など,病理学の分野で革新的技術も開発された.これらの方法を駆使してウイルス学の研究を行った.単純ヘルペスではウイルスの遺伝子型を分類し, Kaposi 水痘様発疹症での優勢な遺伝子型を見いだした.水痘と帯状疱疹では,野生株とワクチン株間の異同判定を主な仕事とした.麻疹ウイルスは毛包上皮に感染するが,野生株のレセプターであるsignaling lymphocyte activation molecule(SLAM)の発現は上皮細胞で観察されず不明であった.伝染性軟属腫は世界中の子どもが罹患する疾患である.子どもが生活する環境中からウイルスDNA が検出された.ヒトパルボウイルスB19感染症の成人例では非典型疹が出現する.新たなウイルスDNA 増幅法の開発を行った.The remarkable development of molecular biology occurred between 1970 and 1980. At that time, the driving force for molecular biology was virology, as viruses basically consist of nucleic acids. Innovative pathologic techniques were developed, such as the use of monoclonal antibodies and the enzymelabeled antibody method. Using these techniques, we have studied a variety of viral skin diseases. We utilized a restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method to classify the genotype of the herpes simplex virus and found the predominant genotype in Kaposi's varicelliform eruption. RFLP-PCR was used to differentiate the wild strain from the vaccine strain of varicella-zoster virus. Signaling lymphocyte activation molecule (SLAM) is a receptor of the wild measles virus strain. Although the site of infection of the measles virus is the follicular epithelium and epidermis, SLAM has not been observed there. Molluscum contagiosum is a globally recognized childhood disease, and the DNA of this virus was detected in the immediate environment of children. Erythema infectiosum is a typical clinical feature of parvovirus B19 infection; however, many adults show the atypical patterns. Therefore, we developed a new viral DNA amplification method called loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP).