International benchmarking in oesophageal and gastric cancer surgery

Background: Benchmarking on an international level might lead to improved outcomes at a national level. The aim of this study was to compare treatment and surgical outcome data from the Swedish National Register for Oesophageal and Gastric Cancer (NREV) and the Dutch Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer Audit (DUCA). Methods: All patients with primary oesophageal or gastric cancer who underwent a resection and were registered in NREV or DUCA between 2012 and 2014 were included. Differences in 30-day mortality were analysed using case mix-adjusted multivariable logistic regression. Results: In total, 4439 patients underwent oesophagectomy (2509 patients) or gastrectomy (1930 patients). Estimated resection rates were comparable. Swedish patients were older but had less advanced disease and less co-morbidity than Dutch patients. Neoadjuvant treatment rates were lower in Sweden than in the Netherlands, both for patients who underwent oesophagectomy (68⋅6 versus 90⋅0 per cent respectively; P < 0⋅001) and for those having gastrectomy (38⋅3 versus 56⋅6 per cent; P < 0⋅001). In Sweden, transthoracic oesophagectomy was performed in 94⋅7 per cent of patients, whereas in the Netherlands, a transhiatal approach was undertaken in 35⋅8 per cent. Higher annual procedural volumes per hospital were observed in the Netherlands. Adjusted 30-day and/or in-hospital mortality after gastrectomy was statistically significantly lower in Sweden than in the Netherlands (odds ratio 0⋅53, 95 per cent c.i. 0⋅29 to 0⋅95). Conclusion: For oesophageal and gastric cancer, there are dif