VARIJABILNOST AMILOZE I AMILOPEKTINA OZIME PŠENICE I SELEKCIJA ZA POSEBNE NAMJENE

Cilj ovoga istraživanja bio je ispitati varijabilnost amiloze i amilopektina kod 24 hrvatske i šest stranih sorata ozime pšenice te otkriti potencijal istih za posebne namjene. Analiza sastava škroba temeljila se na izdvajanju amiloze i amilopektina te određivanju njihove količine i omjera. Analiza količine amiloze i amilopektina utvrdila je statistički visoko opravdane razlike među ispitivanim sortama. Ispitivane sorte većinom su krušne pšenice različite kvalitete te imaju uobičajen sadržaj amiloze i amilopektina. Među njima izdvojile su se pojedine sorte s visokim sadržajem amilopektina i niskim sadržajem amiloze te jedna sorta s visokim sadržajem amiloze, koje imaju potencijal u budućim oplemenjivačkim programima i selekciji za posebne namjene.
The aim of this study was to investigate the variability of amylose and amylopectin in 24 Croatian and six foreign winter wheat varieties and to detect the potential of these varieties for special purposes. Starch composition analysis was based on the separation of amylose and amylopectin and the determination of their amounts and ratios. Analysis of the amount of amylose and amylopectin determined statistically highly significant differences between the varieties. The tested varieties are mostly bread wheat of different quality which have the usual content of amylose and amylopectin. Some varieties were identified among them with high amylopectin and low amylose content and one variety with high amylose content. They have the potential in future breeding programs and selection for special purposes.