Releasing network isolation problem in group-based industrial wireless sensor networks

In this paper, we propose a cross-layer optimization scheme named Adjusting the Transmission Radius (ATR), which is based on the Energy Consumed uniformly Connected K-Neighborhood (EC-CKN) sleep scheduling algorithm in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In particular, we discovered two important problems, namely, the death acceleration problem and the network isolation problem, in EC-CKN-based WSNs. Furthermore, we solve these two problems in ATR, which creates sleeping opportunities for the nodes that cannot get a chance to sleep in the EC-CKN algorithm. Simulation and experimental results show that the network lifetime of ATR-Connected-K-Neighborhood-based WSNs increases by 19%, on average, and the maximum increment is 41%. In addition, four important insights were discovered through this research work and presented in this paper.