Neuobičajen klinički tijek prirođene subglotične stenoze – prikaz slučaja

Cilj: Prikazati slučaj neuobičajenog kliničkog tijeka prirođenog laringealnog stridora i razmotriti indikacije za endoskopskim pregledom u takvim slučajevima. Prikaz slučaja: Terminsko eutrofično muško novorođenče je po porodu radi akutnog skrotuma te respiratornih teškoća u vidu tahipneje i hipoksemije primljeno u Kliniku za pedijatriju. Neposredno nakon kirurškog zahvata dijete je rutinski ekstubirano. Međutim, vrlo brzo nakon odvajanja od tubusa ponovno je naglo razvilo respiratorne teškoće obilježene stridorom i hipoksemijom. Dijete je ponovno intubirano i vraćeno na strojnu ventilaciju. U daljnjem tijeku se u više navrata pokušavao provesti postupak ekstubacije. Isti nije bilo moguće učiniti jer bi se nakon odvajanja od tubusa vrlo brzo vratili znakovi respiratornih teškoća pod kliničkom slikom akutnog laringotraheobronhitisa. S obzirom na probleme otežane ekstubacije i ovisnosti o tubusu te na perzistentne atipične simptome krupa i neučinkovitost farmakoterapije, dijete je u dobi od mjesec dana podvrgnuto endoskopskom pregledu dišnih putova. Vizualizirana je koncentrična subglotična stenoza membranskog tipa. U pripremama za liječenje endoskopskom laserskom ablacijom stridor je bivao sve manje izražen. Dva tjedna nakon prvog endoskopskog pregleda učinjen je kontrolni na kojem je vizualni nalaz sugerirao značajnu regresiju subglotičnog membranskog suženja. Odustalo se stoga od planirane intervencije laserom, a stridor se u dojenčeta spontano povukao. Zaključak: Iako je laringomalacija daleko najčešća etiološka podloga prirođenog stridora, i ne predstavlja apsolutnu indikaciju za endoskopijom dišnog puta, isti može biti izazvan nizom drugih rijetkih stanja uključujući prirođenu subglotičnu stenozu. U prikazanom slučaju zabilježena je neuobičajena spontana regresija subglotične stenoze membranskog tipa.
Aim: To report an unusual clinical course of an infant with congenital laryngeal stridor. Indications for endoscopic examination of airways in such cases have also been discussed. Case report: A full-term male newborn was admitted to the Department of Paediatrics because of the symptoms of acute scrotum as well as because of breathing difficulties and severe hypoxemia. Soon after surgery the child was extubated but breathing difficulties persisted. A loud inspiratory stridor together with rapid respiratory deterioration occurred. The infant was intubated and underwent mechanical ventilation again. In the following period several trials of extubation were repeatedly unsuccessful despite favourable weaning parameters. Just few hours after each trial of extubation symptoms of acute laryngotracheobronchitis were apparent. Because of extubation failure, tube dependency and persistent atypical symptoms of croup unresponsive to standard pharmacotherapy, endoscopic assessment was performed at the age of one month. Concentric central membranous subglottic stenosis was visualized. While preparing for the endoscopic laser ablation treatment, stridor was getting less pronounced. Two weeks later patient underwent endoscopy again and significant regression of subglottic membrane narrowing was documented. Planned laser intervention was canceled. At the age of four months stridor disappeared. Conclusion: Laryngomalacia is the most common cause of congenital laryngeal stridor and endoscopic evaluation is usually not indicated in such cases. However, there are other causes of congenital stridor which are not so common, including congenital subglotttic stenosis. In this case an unusual spontaneous regression of congenital membranous subglottic stenosis was reported.