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Fish length back-calculation from scales: advancing methodology and correction of bias

Authors :
Bailey, Colin J.
Wilson, Kyle L.
O'Ferrall, Mikayla More
Moore, Jonathan W.
Source :
Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. November, 2022, Vol. 79 Issue 11, p1780, 18 p.
Publication Year :
2022

Abstract

Fish length back-calculation from hard structures (e.g., scales, otoliths, spines, etc.) is a commonly used method to reconstruct individual growth rates and sizes at age/stage in the absence of an intensive sampling-resampling timeseries. However, reliable estimates via these methods require the empirical validation of multiple assumptions about the growth of these hard structures. Here, we focus on reducing bias in scale-based back-calculations and validating proposed improvements using archived scales from a wild population of anadromous steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). We first describe a series of back-calculation problems and propose solutions that can be integrated into common back-calculation methods. We then compare back-calculation accuracy, precision, and bias between proposed solutions and traditional forms of two backcalculation methods: Fraser-Lee and Body-Proportional. We discovered that the assumption that rapid growth begins immediately after juvenile steelhead pass downstream of the fish fence (300 m upstream of the ocean) was invalid and required a correction factor to prevent overestimating fish length by an average of 14%. The proposed modified methods we described performed better than traditional back-calculation methods. Overall, these findings can improve estimates of fish length from scale-based back-calculations and illustrate the importance of validating key assumptions. Key words: back-calculation, measurement error models, salmonids, scales, smolts Le retrocalcul de la longueur des poissons a partir de structures dures (p. ex. ecailles, otolites, epines) est une methode frequemment utilisee pour reconstituer les taux de croissance et les tailles selon l'age ou l'etape de vie d'individus en l'absence d'une serie chronologique d'echantillonnage repete intensif. Des estimations fiables obtenues par ces methodes requierent toutefois la validation empirique de differentes hypotheses concernant la croissance de ces structures dures. Nous nous penchons sur la reduction des biais dans les retrocalculs bases sur les ecailles et la validation d'ameliorations proposees en utilisant des ecailles d'archives issues d'une population sauvage de truites arc-en-ciel anadromes (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Nous decrivons d'abord une serie de problemes de retrocalcul et proposons des solutions pouvant etre integrees a des methodes de retrocalcul repandues. Nous comparons ensuite l'exactitude, la precision et les biais du retrocalcul des solutions proposees et de formes traditionnelles de deux methodes de retrocalcul, soit la methode de Fraser-Lee et la methode en proportion du corps. Nous relevons que l'hypothese voulant que la croissance rapide commence immediatement apres le passage des truites arc- enciel en aval du barrage (30 m en amont de l'ocean) est invalide et necessite un facteur de correction pour prevenir une surestimation de la longueur des poissons d'en moyenne 14 %. Les methodes modifiees proposees que nous decrivons donnent de meilleurs resultats que les methodes de retrocalcul traditionnelles. Globalement, ces constatations peuvent ameliorer les estimations de la longueur des poissons obtenues par retrocalcul base sur les ecailles et illustrent l'important de valider les hypotheses cles. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles : retrocalcul, modeles d'erreur de mesure, salmonides, ecailles, smolts<br />Introduction Understanding patterns and processes underlying somatic growth and body size is foundational to much of modern ecology and resource management--particularly for species that exhibit indeterminate and nonlinear somatic growth, [...]

Subjects

Subjects :
Company growth
Earth sciences

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
0706652X
Volume :
79
Issue :
11
Database :
Gale General OneFile
Journal :
Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsgcl.724594254
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2021-0270