Kinetic analysis of Clostridium cellulolyticum carbohydrate metabolism; importance of glucose 1-phosphate and glucose 6-phosphate branch points for distribution of carbon fluxes inside and outside cells as revealed by steady-state continuous culture

Results demonstrate that glucose 1-phosphate and glucose 6-phosphate regulate surplus carbon excretion and dissipation of excess energy in Clostridium. Data further reveal that pyruvate-acetyl coenzyme A branch points control the redox balance of the carbon metabolism.