Examining the Relationship Between Exercise Goals, Self-Efficacy, and Overt Behavior With Beginning Exercisers

Despite the overwhelming evidence that associates regular physical activity with physical and mental health benefits, millions of North Americans remain sedentary. Previous research by Poag-DuCharme and Brawley (1993, 1994) and suggestions by Bandura (1989, 1997) led to the hypothesis that goals would influence exercise behavior through the mediating variable of self-efficacy. Changes to the social cognitions and behavioral patterns of adherers during the exercise program were also assessed. Results demonstrate that at midprogram, self-efficacy beliefs mediated the relationship between goal influence and exercise frequency. Significant increases were observed in self-efficacy and perceived exertion from onset to midprogram. Onset goal influence and self-efficacy significantly discriminated adherers from dropouts. Results are discussed with respect to the need to continue investigating the changing influence of social cognitions on motivating behavior.