Neonatal Autopsies

Objectives: To identify trends in neonatal autopsy rates at a tertiary care hospital during the last decade, to determine the concordance between antemortem and postmortem diagnoses, and to describe patient characteristics that influenced diagnostic yield on autopsy. Design: Retrospective review of medical records. Setting: Tertiary care children's hospital. Patients: All neonatal deaths between January 1, 1984, and December 31, 1993. Main Outcome Measures: For those with autopsies, data included length of stay, diagnostic imaging studies, antemortem diagnoses, and autopsy findings. Autopsy diagnoses were compared with antemortem findings and classified according to concordance. Results: Of 487 neonatal deaths, autopsies were performed in 296 (61%). The autopsy rate declined significantly during 10 years from 71.2% (1984-1988) to 47.7% (1989-1993). New diagnoses were made at autopsy in 44% of cases. Major discordancies were identified in 35 infants (12%); minor discordancies in 95 (32%). Autopsies were more likely to reveal new diagnoses in infants born at 28 to 36 weeks' gestation and in those whose mothers had no prenatal care. Major findings at autopsy were more likely in infants whose mothers had no prenatal care and in infants who died within 6 hours of birth. There was no relationship between new findings at autopsy and age, length of hospital stay, or antemortem imaging studies. Conclusions: This study reveals a significant decline in neonatal autopsies during a 10-year period. This study also demonstrates that neonatal autopsy continues to provide clinically significant data and remains a valuable tool in perinatal medicine. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2000;154:38-42
The rate of autopsies of newborns has dropped significantly in recent years, despite the recognized importance of the procedure in infants with whom the cause of death is often unclear. Neonatal autopsy can reduce parental concerns over causes of death and offer information into the genetic implications of future pregnancies. Of 487 neonatal deaths over 10 years, autopsies were done on 296 (60.8%). This is an average that involved a large decline in autopsy rates during that time. During the first five years, the rate of autopsy was 71.2% and during the last five years, it dropped to 47.7%