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Fire Retardancy Effect of Phosphorus-Modified Halloysite on Polyamide-11 Nanocomposites
- Source :
- Polymer Engineering and Science. March, 2019, Vol. 59 Issue 3, p526, 9 p.
- Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) were successfully incorporated as flame retardants in polyamide-11 (PA11) after their modification with methyl phosphonic acid. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were used to evidence the functionalization of the clay. Raw and modified HNTs were then incorporated by melt mixing in PA11 at 20 wt%. Compositions containing both ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and HNTs were also prepared. TGA and pyrolysis combustion flow calorimeter exhibited enhancement in thermal stability upon incorporation of both raw and modified halloysite nanotubes while APP causes degradation at lower temperature. Cone calorimeter data showed that modified halloysite acts by forming an insulating barrier during the combustion, which limits heat and mass transfers. Moreover, elemental analysis of sample residues after cone test evidenced that a part of the phosphorus of the modified halloysite was transferred to the gaseous phase. These results suggest the full potential of halloysite as fire retardant agent for polyamides.<br />INTRODUCTION Polyamide-11 (PA11) is a biocompatible commercial aliphatic polymer with excellent characteristics such as good oil resistance or low coefficient of friction and has the advantage to be less hydrophilic [...]
- Subjects :
- Polyamides -- Thermal properties -- Mechanical properties
Halloysite -- Composition -- Thermal properties
Flame retardants -- Composition -- Usage
Gas chromatography
Mass spectrometry
Chromatography
Spectroscopy
Pyrolysis
Combustion
Infrared spectroscopy
Nanotubes
Engineering and manufacturing industries
Science and technology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 00323888
- Volume :
- 59
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- Gale General OneFile
- Journal :
- Polymer Engineering and Science
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- edsgcl.580773614
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.24961