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Woody material structural degradation through decomposition on the forest floor

Authors :
Fraver, Shawn
Tajvidi, Mehdi
D'Amato, Anthony W.
Lindner, Daniel L.
Forrester, Jodi A.
Milo, Amy M.
Source :
Canadian Journal of Forest Research. January, 2018, Vol. 48 Issue 1, p111, 5 p.
Publication Year :
2018

Abstract

Dead woody material (DWM) plays numerous important roles in forest ecosystems; however, through the process of decomposition, it undergoes structural and chemical changes that progressively alter its function in these roles. Much remains unknown about how DWM mechanical strength and structural integrity change through decomposition in natural forest settings. We assessed changes in wood strength (bending strength, compressive strength, and surface hardness) using standard wood stakes of known initial mass from three species. The stakes were placed in forested settings for two and four years before collection for laboratory analyses. All three strength metrics decreased as stakes lost mass due to decay; however, bending strength had the strongest relationship with mass loss, a result that was consistent for all species, as well as species-pooled data. Results for all strength-loss metrics indicate that stakes had experienced ca. 10% strength loss before any detectable mass loss had occurred. Further, our results suggest that the decay class system typically used during field inventories--based in large part on tactile assessments of wood structural integrity--may provide a reasonable characterization of DWM mass loss, which is a critical assumption for carbon accounting and modelling based on inventory data. Key words: carbon accounting, decay class, decay stakes, forest fuels, wood decay, woody debris. Le materiel ligneuxgrossier (MLG) joue plusieurs roles importants dans les ecosystemes forestiers. Cependant, durant le processus de decomposition il subit des changements structuraux et chimiques qui modifient progressivement les fonctions associees a ces roles. Beaucoup de choses demeurent inconnues au sujet de la facon dont la resistance mecanique et l'integrite structurale du MLG changent durant sa decomposition en foret naturelle. Nous avons evalue les changements dans la resistance du bois (resistance a la flexion, resistance a la compression et durete superficielle) a l'aide de baguettes de bois standards dont on connaissait la masse initiale de trois especes. Les baguettes ont ete laissees en foret pendant deux et quatre ans avant d'etre recoltees pour les analyses en laboratoire. Les resultats des trois mesures de resistance ont diminue a mesure que progressait la perte de masse due a la decomposition des baguettes. Cependant, la resistance a la flexion etait le plus etroitement reliee a la perte de masse, un resultat constant chez toutes les especes ainsi qu'avec les donnees des especes regroupees. Les resultats pour toutes les mesures de perte de resistance indiquent que les baguettes avaient subi une perte de resistance d'environ 10 % avant que survienne une perte de masse detectable. De plus, nos resultats confirment que le systeme de classes de decomposition normalement utilise lors des inventaires terrestres, fonde en grande partie sur des evaluations tactiles de l'integrite structurale du bois, fournit une approximation raisonnable de la perte de masse du MLG, laquelle est essentielle pour la modelisation et la comptabilisation precise du carbone sur la base des donnees d'inventaire. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles: comptabilisation du carbone, classe de decomposition, baguettes de bois servant a mesurer la decomposition, combustibles forestiers, decomposition du bois, debris ligneux.<br />Introduction Dead woody material (DWM) plays a crucial role in forest ecosystems where it contributes to carbon storage, nutrient cycling, and biodiversity maintenance (Harmon et al. 1986; Stokland et al. [...]

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
00455067
Volume :
48
Issue :
1
Database :
Gale General OneFile
Journal :
Canadian Journal of Forest Research
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsgcl.523393765
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2017-0175