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Herpes simplex virus-1 evasion of [CD8.sup.+] T cell accumulation contributes to viral encephalitis
- Source :
- Journal of Clinical Investigation. October, 2017, Vol. 127 Issue 10, p3784, 12 p.
- Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) is the most common cause of sporadic viral encephalitis, which can be lethal or result in severe neurological defects even with antiviral therapy. While HSV-1 causes encephalitis in spite of HSV-1-specific humoral and cellular immunity, the mechanism by which HSV-1 evades the immune system in the central nervous system (CNS) remains unknown. Here we describe a strategy by which HSV-1 avoids immune targeting in the CNS. The HSV-1 UL13 kinase promotes evasion of HSV-1-specific [CD8.sup.+] T cell accumulation in infection sites by downregulating expression of the [CD8.sup.+] T cell attractant chemokine CXCL9 in the CNS of infected mice, leading to increased HSV-1 mortality due to encephalitis. Direct injection of CXCL9 into the CNS infection site enhanced HSV-1-specific [CD8.sup.+] T cell accumulation, leading to marked improvements in the survival of infected mice. This previously uncharacterized strategy for HSV-1 evasion of [CD8.sup.+] T cell accumulation in the CNS has important implications for understanding the pathogenesis and clinical treatment of HSV-1 encephalitis.<br />Introduction HSV-1 is generally associated with various mucocutaneous diseases, such as herpes labialis, genital herpes, herpetic whitlow, and keratitis (1). Also, HSV-1 is the most common cause of sporadic viral [...]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 00219738
- Volume :
- 127
- Issue :
- 10
- Database :
- Gale General OneFile
- Journal :
- Journal of Clinical Investigation
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- edsgcl.510110311
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI92931