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Penehyclidine hydrochloride attenuates the cerebral injury in a rat model of cardiopulmonary bypass

Authors :
Cao, Hui-juan
Sun, Ying-jie
Zhang, Tie-zheng
Zhou, Jin
Diao, Yu-gang
Source :
Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. July 1, 2013, Vol. 91 Issue 7, p521, 7 p.
Publication Year :
2013

Abstract

This study investigated the effect of penehyclidine hydrochloride (PHC) on regulatory mediators during the neuroinflammatory response and cerebral cell apoptosis following cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Forty-eight rats were randomly divided among 4 groups as follows: sham-operation, vehicle, low-dose PHC (0.6 mg x [(kg body mass).sup.-1]), and high-dose PHC (2.0 x [(kg body mass).sup.-1]). CPB was performed in the latter 3 groups. The plasma levels of neuron specific enolase (NSE) and S-100B were tested with ELISA. Real-time PCR and Western blotting were used to evaluate the expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), IL-10, caspase-3, Bcl-2, and p38 in brain tissue. The ultrastructure of hippocampus tissue was examined under an electron microscope. PHC attenuated the increase of plasma NSE and S-100B following CPB. MMP-9, cleaved caspase-3, and phosphorylated p38 expression were substantially increased in the vehicle group compared with the shamoperation group and gradually diminished with increasing doses of PHC. IL-10 and Bcl-2 expression were markedly lower in the vehicle group than in the sham-operation group and gradually recovered with increasing doses of PHC. PHC attenuated the histopathological changes of cerebral injury following CPB. PHC favorably regulates the inflammatory response and reduces markers of neuronal injury following CPB, potentially by reducing p38 and caspase-3 activation. Key words: penehyclidine hydrochloride, cardiopulmonary bypass, cerebral injury. Cette etude a examine l'effet du chlorhydrate de penehyclidine (CPC) sur les mediateurs regulateurs lors de la reponse neuroinflammatoire et l'apoptose des cellules cerebrales qui suivent une derivation cardio-pulmonaire (DCP). Quarante-huit rats ont ete distribues au hasard en quatre groupes : fausse operation, vehicule, CPC a faible dose (0,6 mg x [([kg de poids corporel).sup.-1]) et CPC a forte dose (2,0 mg x [kg.sup.-1]). La DCP a ete realisee chez les trois derniers groupes. Les niveaux plasmatiques d'enolase specifique des neurones (NSE) et de S-100B ont ete mesures par ELISA. La PCR en temps reel et le buvardage Western ont ete utilises pour evaluer les niveaux d'expression de la metalloprotease matricielle 9 (MMP-9), de l'IL-10, de la caspase-3, de Bcl-2 et de p38 dans le tissu cerebral. L'ultrastructure de l'hippocampe a ete examinee par microscopie electronique. Le CPC attenuait l'augmentation des niveaux plasmatiques de NSE et de S-100B a la suite de la DCP. L'expression de la MMP-9, de la caspase-3 clivee et de la p38 phosphorylee etait accrue de maniere substantielle dans le groupe ayant recu le vehicule seul comparativement au groupe fausse operation, et elle diminuait graduellement en fonction de l'augmentation de la dose de CPC. L'expression de l'IL-10 et de Bcl-2 etait beaucoup plus faible dans le groupe ayant recu le vehicule comparativement au groupe fausse operation, et elle etait progressivement retablie en fonction de l'augmentation de la dose de CPC. Le CPC attenuait les changements histopathologiques lies au dommage cerebral suivant une DCP. Le CPC regule favorablement la reponse inflammatoire et reduit les marqueurs du dommage neuronal apres une DCP, possiblement par l'intermediaire de la reduction de l'activation de p38 et de la caspase-3. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles: chlorhydrate de penehyclidine, derivation cardio-pulmonaire, dommage cardiaque.<br />Introduction Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is an essential component of intracardiac surgical procedures during cardiac surgery. Patients who undergo CPB surgery are particularly prone to adverse cerebral outcomes, including stroke, hypoxic [...]

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
00084212
Volume :
91
Issue :
7
Database :
Gale General OneFile
Journal :
Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsgcl.343754206
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1139/cjpp-2012-0329