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An N-terminal truncated carboxypeptidase E splice isoform induces tumor growth and is a biomarker for predicting future metastasis in human cancers

Authors :
Lee, Terence K.
Murthy, Saravana R.K.
Cawley, Niamh X.
Dhanvantari, Savita
Hewitt, Stephen M.
Lou, Hong
Lau, Tracy
Ma, Stephanie
Huynh, Thanh
Wesley, Robert A.
Ng, Irene O.
Pacak, Karel
Poon, Ronnie T.
Loh, Y. Peng
Source :
Journal of Clinical Investigation. March 1, 2011, Vol. 121 Issue 3, p880, 13 p.
Publication Year :
2011

Abstract

Metastasis is a major cause of mortality in cancer patients. However, the mechanisms governing the metastatic process remain elusive, and few accurate biomarkers exist for predicting whether metastasis will occur, something that would be invaluable for guiding therapy. We report here that the carboxypeptidase E gene (CPE) is alternatively spliced in human tumors to yield an N-terminal truncated protein (CPE-ΔN) that drives metastasis. mRNA encoding CPE-ΔN was found to be elevated in human metastatic colon, breast, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines. In HCC cells, cytosolic CPE-ΔN was translocated to the nucleus and interacted with histone deacetylase 1/2 to upregulate expression of the gene encoding neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally downregulated gene 9 (Nedd9)--which has been shown to promote melanoma metastasis. Nedd9 upregulation resulted in enhanced in vitro proliferation and invasion. Quantification of mRNA encoding CPE-ΔN in HCC patient samples predicted intrahepatic metastasis with high sensitivity and specificity, independent of cancer stage. Similarly, high CPE-ΔN mRNA copy numbers in resected pheochromocytomas/paragangliomas (PHEOs/PGLs), rare neuroendocrine tumors, accurately predicted future metastasis or recurrence. Thus, CPE-ΔN induces tumor metastasis and should be investigated as a potentially powerful biomarker for predicting future metastasis and recurrence in HCC and PHEO/PGL patients.<br />Introduction Cancer mortality often results from metastatic disease and is not the direct effect of the primary tumor. With advances in cancer treatment, control of the primary tumor can be [...]

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
00219738
Volume :
121
Issue :
3
Database :
Gale General OneFile
Journal :
Journal of Clinical Investigation
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsgcl.251194714
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI40433