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Potential for domesticated-wild interbreeding to induce maladaptive phenology across multiple populations of wild Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)
- Source :
- Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. November 1, 2010, Vol. 67 Issue 11, p1768, 8 p.
- Publication Year :
- 2010
-
Abstract
- We report how aquaculture may negatively alter a critical phenological trait (developmental rate) linked to survival in wild fish populations. At the southern limit of the species range in eastern North America, the persistence of small Atlantic salmon (Salmo solar) populations may be constrained by interbreeding with farmed salmon that escape regularly from intensive aquaculture facilities. Using a common-garden experimental protocol implemented over an 8-year period, we show that embryos of farmed salmon and multigenerational farmed-wild hybrids ([F.sub.1], [F.sub.2], wild backcrosses) had slower developmental rates than those of two regional wild populations. In certain cases, our data suggest that hybrid developmental rates are sufficiently mismatched to prevailing environmental conditions that they would have reduced survival in the wild. This implies that repeated farmed-wild interbreeding could adversely affect wild populations. Our results therefore reaffirm previous recommendations that based on the precautionary principle, improved strategies are needed to prevent, or to substantially minimize, escapes of aquaculture fishes into wild environments. Resume: Nous demontrons comment 1'aquaculture peut affecter negativement un trait phenologique essentiel (le taux de developpement) lie a la survie des populations sauvages de poissons. A la limite sud de l'aire de repartition de l'espece dans Test de l'Amerique du Nord, la persistance de petites populations de saumons atlantiques (Salmo salar) peut etre res-treinte par des croisements avec des saumons d'elevage qui s'echappent regulierement des installations d'aquaculture intensive. A l'aide d'un protocole experimental de jardin commun maintenu sur une periode de 8 annees, nous montrons que les embryons de saumons d'elevage et des hybrides de plusieurs generations de saumons sauvages et eleves (retrocroise-ments en nature de [F.sub.1] et de [F.sub.2]) ont des taux de developpement plus lents que les poissons de deux populations regionales sauvages. Dans certains cas, nos donnees indiquent que les taux de developpement des hybrides sont suffisamment mesap-paries aux conditions prevalentes de l'environnement qu'ils auraient reduit la survie en nature. Ceci donne a entendre que des croisements repetes entre des poissons d'elevage et des poissons sauvages pourraient affecter negativement les populations sauvages. Nos resultats nous amenent done a reaffirmer les recommandations anterieures basees sur le principe de precaution voulant que des strategies ameliorees soient necessaires pour empecher, ou reduire a un strict minimum, la fuite de poissons d'elevage vers les environnements sauvages. [Traduit par la Redaction]<br />Introduction Unparalleled declines of many wild fish populations, coupled with growing aquaculture production, have made it critical to assess the potential risks associated with interactions between wild and escaped farmed [...]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 0706652X
- Volume :
- 67
- Issue :
- 11
- Database :
- Gale General OneFile
- Journal :
- Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- edsgcl.242663166
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1139/F10-094