Comparison of lumped-element and transmission-line models for thickness-shear-mode quartz resonator sensors

The transmission-line model has been theoretically developed for a TSM resonator sensor, leading to a lumped-element model. Both models have been used to compute expected responses for typical sensing applications. Particular attention is paid to the shift in the series resonance frequency and the rise in resonance damping because of surface loading. A quantitative means to determine the utility of the lumped-element model is established from the relative deviations in the two parameters.