On the nature of DNA self-assembled monolayers on Au: measuring surface heterogeneity with electrochemical in situ fluorescence microscopy

The creation of gold surfaces modified by single- or double-stranded DNA self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) has produced heterogeneous surface packing densities by using electrochemical studies coupled with fluorescence imaging. The modification in the method used for producing the DNA SAMs has resulted in different surface with much fewer aggregates and more electromodulation of the fluorescence intensity, though at much lower DNA surface density.