Discontinuous movements of DNA and RNA in RNA polymerase accompany formation of a paused transcription complex

Transcriptional pausing could be a result of discontinuous movements of RNA polymerase along DNA and RNA chains. Changes in 3'-proximal or a downward DNA affect discontinuity of DNA and RNA movements accompanying RNA polymerase and pause RNA hairpin restricts the new downward DNA in the paused complex. It is possible that the discontinuous movements regulate both termination and antitermination because stopping the discontinuous movement causes antitermination.