Participation of the protein G-omicron in multiple aspects of behavior in C. elegans

The goa-1 gene encoding the alpha subunit of the heterotrimeric guanosine triphosphate-binding protein (G protein) [G.sub.o] from Caenorhabditis elegans is expressed in most neurons, and in the muscles involved in egg laying and male mating. Reduction-of-function mutations in goa-1 caused a variety of behavioral defects including hyperactive movement, premature egg laying, and male impotence. Expression of the activated [G.sub.o] alpha subunit [Gα.sub.o]) in transgenic nematodes resulted in lethargic movement, delayed egg laying, and [reduced mating efficiency. Induced expression of activated [Gα.sub.o] in adults was sufficient to cause these phenotypes, indicating that [Gα.sub.o] mediates behavior through its role in neuronal function and the functioning of specialized muscles.
The heterotrimeric G protein [G.sub.o] is abundantly expressed in mammalian and insect neurons and growth cones, suggesting that it is important for both neuronal development and function (1). Although G. [...]