Variance of ACE and AT1 receptor gene does not influence the risk of neonatal acute renal failure

Byline: A. Nobilis (1), I. Kocsis (2), P. Toth-Heyn (3), A. Treszl (2), A. Schuler (4), T. Tulassay (2), B. Vasarhelyi (2) Keywords: Keywords Acute renal failure; Very low birth weight infant; Angiotensin converting enzyme; Angiotensin II type 1 receptor; Genetic polymorphism Abstract: High neonatal activity of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is crucial for the maintenance of glomerular filtration of the newborn. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether genetic polymorphisms leading to lower angiotensin converting enzyme activity (ACE) or impaired functionality of angiotensin II (AII) type 1 receptor (AT1R) might predispose very low birth weight newborns (VLBWs) to the development of acute renal failure (ARF). The medical records of 110 VLBW infants were analyzed. ARF developed in 42 of them during the first postnatal week, while 68 neonates exhibited normal renal function. The ACE I/D polymorphism and the [A.sup.1166]C variants of AT1R were determined from dried blood samples. The frequency of the ACE I allele did not differ in ARF and non-ARF groups (0.307 and 0.284) the frequency of the AT1R C.sup.1166 variant was also the same in ARF and non-ARF groups (0.250 and 0.227). Although low activity of RAS has been implicated in the development of neonatal ARF and data indicated that the functionality of RAS is influenced by the I/D variants of the ACE gene and the [A.sup.1166]C variant of the AT1R gene, we could not demonstrate any effect of these polymorphisms on the development of ARF in VLBW infants. Author Affiliation: (1) Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary, HU (2) Joint Research Program of the First Department of Pediatrics and the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary, HU (3) First Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Bokay u. 53, 1083 Budapest, Hungary. Vasbar@gyer1.sote.hu, HU (4) Budai Children's Hospital PKU Laboratory, Budapest, Hungary, HU Article note: Received: 7 March 2001 / Revised: 9 August 2001 / Accepted: 10 August 2001