Response to antiretroviral therapy after a single, peripartum dose of nevirapine

A prospective observational study was conducted to assess the virologic responses of women and infants to nevirapine-based antiretroviral treatment after previous exposure to a single dose of nevirapine or placebo in the setting of a short course of zidovudine. Results revealed that women who received a single dose of nevirapine to prevent perinatal transmission of HIV-1 had higher rates of virologic failure with subsequent nevirapine-based antiretroviral therapy than did women without previous exposure to nevirapine.