A monolithic active conical horn antenna array for millimeter and submillimeter wave applications

In this paper, a novel active integrated conical horn array is presented. Specifically, a 95 GHz quasiopticaily fed mixer integrated with an annular slot ring antenna was used as the basic element of the proposed active system. For efficient reception, a low cost micro-machined conical horn array was fabricated and placed on the top of active elements. A modified nonorthogonal finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) approach was applied for analyzing the basic conical horn antenna and a hybrid matrix manipulation technique for efficient antenna array modeling. The proposed active conical horn antenna array was fabricated and measured. Numerical simulations have verified the design at its distributed stages presenting very good agreement with the experimental data. Index Terms--Antennas, array, finite-difference time-domain (FDTD), millimeter wave, submillimeter wave.