Stress and cocaine elicit similar cardiac output responses in individual rats

The cardiac output varies in rats after the introduction of cocaine in the blood stream, despite identical heart rates and arterial pressures in all the rats. Cocaine or tension causes a reduction in the cardiac output, which causes death attributed to natural or surgical stress. The rats accept the stimulant under possible stressful conditions which influence the effects of cocaine on the cardiovascular system. Cocaine is resisted by anesthesia in most cases. Cocaine influences the cardiovascular system, while it is controlled by the central nervous system.