Multilocus sequence typing of Listeria monocytogenes by use of hypervariable genes reveals clonal and recombination histories of three lineages

Inheritance, mutation and horizontal gene transfer in Listeria monocytogenes and the recombinant construction of mosaic genes in three different patterns for each of the three Listeria monocytogenes lineages is studied using multilocus sequence typing analysis. Results show that the different lineages of Listeria monocytogenes can share habitats but their horizontal gene transfer histories are different.