Effect of teaching leadership styles on the prevention of adolescence pregnancy: a case study conducted at Universidad César Vallejo, Peru [version 1; peer review: 1 approved with reservations]

Background: In this study we aimed to determine the effect of university teaching and leadership styles at Universidad César Vallejo on the prevention of adolescence pregnancy. Methods: We performed a non-experimental, quantitative, cross-sectional study, with a correlational descriptive design using a survey. Participants were students in classes enrolled in the starting two semesters at Universidad César Vallejo, Peru. The questionnaire comprised three sections: (I) General demographic data, (II) Teacher leadership styles, and (III) Pregnancy prevention teachings. Results: According to the students (n=793), teaching leadership styles are of three types: Laissez faire, transactional, and transformational. Types of pregnancy prevention from the students’ standpoint are the following: 'high' level of 'primary prevention' (44.4%), 'medium' level of 'tertiary prevention' (36.6%), and 'high' level of 'secondary prevention' (36.2%). Chi-Square test revealed that the three styles of leadership significantly affect the prevention of pregnancy: transformational (X 2 = 136.390), transactional (X 2 = 95.539), and Laissez Faire (X 2 = 80.557) (p 2 = 110,634, p = 0.0000), with a significance level of 5%. Conclusions: It can be concluded that for college students, teaching leadership style significantly affects the prevention of adolescent pregnancy.