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Relationship Between Xylene, Rq Xylene Concentration and Enzyme Activity as Indicators of Heart and Liver Function Among Shoe Industry Workers In Surabaya [version 2; peer review: 1 not approved]

Authors :
Abdul Rohim Tualeka
Tri Martiana
Mohd Yusmaidie Aziz
Tamilanban Thamaraikani
Roslan Rosnon
Salsabila Novianti
Pudji Rahmawati
Ahsan Ahsan
Author Affiliations :
<relatesTo>1</relatesTo>Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Airlangga University, Surabaya, East Java, 60115, Indonesia<br /><relatesTo>2</relatesTo>Department of Toxicology, Advanced Medical & Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam Kepala Batas, Penang, 13200, Malaysia<br /><relatesTo>3</relatesTo>Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology (Deemed to be University), Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India<br /><relatesTo>4</relatesTo>Department of Social & Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia<br /><relatesTo>5</relatesTo>Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Airlangga University, Surabaya, East Java, 60115, Indonesia<br /><relatesTo>6</relatesTo>Department of Development of Islamic Society, Sunan Ampel State Islamic University Surabaya, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia<br /><relatesTo>7</relatesTo>Faculty of Nursing, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
Source :
F1000Research. 12:1468
Publication Year :
2024
Publisher :
London, UK: F1000 Research Limited, 2024.

Abstract

Background Xylene, a common solvent in painting, printing, and shoemaking, enters the body through inhalation of vapors. Methods This observational analytic study aimed to examine the relationship between xylene concentration, xylene RQ, and liver function in industrial workers in Surabaya, especially in shoe industries. The chi-square method was utilized for data analysis. To ensure the validity and reliability of the study results, air and blood sampling procedures were implemented. Air sampling was conducted to measure xylene concentrations in the workplace environment, while blood samples were collected from workers to assess Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase (SGOT) and Serum Glutamic Pyruvate Transaminase (SGPT) levels. The study was conducted in five regions in Surabaya, namely Kalijudan, Ketintang, Jemursari, AUP, and Romokalisari. The population includes a total of 90 workers with 77 of them taken as samples using the accidental sampling method. Results The results show that there is a relationship between xylene concentration and Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase (SGOT) levels (p> 0.05); (r = 0,65) and there is no relationship between xylene concentrations and Serum Glutamic Pyruvate Transaminase (SGPT) levels (p> 0.05); (r = -0,12). There was no relationship between RQ and SGOT levels (p> 0.05) and there was no relationship between RQ and SGPT levels (p> 0.05). However, from the calculation of the prevalence ratio, workers with unsafe RQ (RQ>1) have a 7.09x greater chance of experiencing damage to SGOT levels and a 1.06x greater chance of experiencing damage to SGPT levels. Conclusions Xylene exposure (concentration & RQ) affects liver enzyme levels (SGOT/SGPT) in workers. Industries should consider providing nutritious food to aid xylene removal and stricter safety policies are needed. This study highlights the importance of a holistic approach to worker health and safety when dealing with hazardous chemicals.

Subjects

Subjects :
Research Article
Articles
Xylene
RQ xylene
heart function
industrial workers
safe work

Details

ISSN :
20461402
Volume :
12
Database :
F1000Research
Journal :
F1000Research
Notes :
Revised Amendments from Version 1 We have revised this article according to the reviewer's comments. Here is what we revised: Title - We've revised the article title to accurately reflect its content. The original title mentioned heart function, but the study focused on liver function in shoe industry workers (Surabaya) as indicated by enzyme activity. We apologize for any inconvenience caused by the earlier oversight. Abstract- we have added the purpose of the article in the methods section of the abstract, added information about air and blood sampling, and have also reported the R-value, then in the conclusion section of the abstract we have tried to clarify the purpose and importance of the paper. Introduction - The introduction has been enhanced by adding relevant APA 7th edition citations, replacing "danger" and "dangerous" with "hazard" and "hazardous" for objectivity, aligning the discussion of liver function biomarkers (SGOT and SGPT) with the article's topic, and concluding with areas for future research and broader study implications. Method - This cross-sectional study, conducted in 2019, included participants without previously diagnosed liver disease, ensuring they had healthy livers at the outset. The methods section (paragraph 3) details sample size justification and control of confounding factors such as physical activity, diet, and smoking. Notably, the study did not include a control group for comparison. Discussion - The discussion section has been significantly improved for clarity and structure. It begins by restating the study's objectives and refocusing the reader after the methods and results. Each hypothesis is addressed in its section, detailing data distribution, statistical test results, and interpretations. The section concludes with comparisons to previous studies, highlighting agreements and explaining any discrepancies., , [version 2; peer review: 1 not approved]
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsfor.10.12688.f1000research.140277.2
Document Type :
research-article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.140277.2
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