Innovation and Research – Smart Technologies & Systems : Proceedings of the CI3 2023, Volume 2

This book gathers research papers presented at the 4th edition of the International Research and Innovation Conference—CI3 2023, that took place from August 30 to September 1, 2023, at the facilities of the Instituto Tecnológico Universitario Rumiñahui, located in the city of SangolquÍ, Pichincha, Ecuador. The conference was organized by the Red de Investigación, Innovación y Transferencia de Tecnología—RIT2, made up of the most relevant university institutes in Ecuador, among which are ITCA, BOLIVARIANO, ARGOS, VIDA NUEVA, ESPÍRITU SANTO, SUDAMERICANO, ISMAC, SAN ISIDRO, ARTES GRÁFICAS, ORIENTE, HUMANE, SUCRE, CENTRAL TÉCNICO, POLICÍA NACIONAL and RUMIÑAHUI. Additionally, the event is sponsored by the Secretaría de Educación Superior, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación—SENESCYT, Labortorio de Comunicación Visual de la Universidad Estatal de Campinas—Brazil, Universidad Ana G. Méndez—Puerto Rico, Centro de Investigaciones Psicopedagógicas y Sociológicas—Cuba, Instituto Superior de Diseño de la Universidad de La Habana—Cuba, GDEON and the Corporación Ecuatoriana para el Desarrollo de la Investigación y la Academia—CEDIA. The main objective of CI3 2023 is to generate a space for dissemination and collaboration, where academia, industry and government can share their ideas, experiences and results of their projects and research. “Research as a pillar of higher education and business improvement” is the motto of the Conference and suggests how research, innovation and academia must coincide with the productive sector to leverage social and economic development. CI3 2023 had 145 papers submitted, of which 52 were accepted for publication and presentation. To guarantee the quality of the publications, the event has a staff of more than 70 experts, from different countries such as Spain, Argentina, Chile, Mexico, Peru, Brazil, Ecuador, among others, who carry out an exhaustive review of each proposal sent. The content of this proceeding is related to the following topics: • Smart Cities • Innovation and Development • Applied Technologies • Economics and Management • ICT for Educations