Coronary Artery Diseases : Diagnostic and Therapeutic Imaging Approaches

2 Diagnostic Use of Radiographic Methods in Coronary Disease.......................... 56 3 Material......................... 58 4 Mode of Operation............. 62 5 Radiological Projections................. 63 6 Monitoring of Cardiac Parameters............ 64 7 Pharmacological Tests................ 66 7. 1 Coronary Arteries..................... 66 7. 2 Left Ventricle........................ 67 8 Accidents and Risks of Coronary Arteriography..... 67 References......................... 68 III Angiographic Explorations: Normal Results... 71 1 Left Ventricle and Left Ventricular Function 71 1. 1 Radiological Anatomy............ 71 1. 2 Normal Kinetics............... 77 1. 3 Analysis of Wall Contraction...... 78 1. 4 Volumes and Function Indexes....... 81 2 Coronary Arteries and Veins........ 84 2. 1 Origin, Calibre and Preponderance of the Coronary Arteries........................ 84 2. 2 Nomenclature and Segmentation of the Coronary Arteries...................... 87 2. 3 A Reminder About the Physiology of Coronary Circulation........... 93 2. 4 Angiographic Anatomy.......... 94 2. 4. 1 Left Coronary Artery........... 94 2. 4. 2 Right Coronary Artery............. 95 2. 4. 3 Vascularization of Nodes and the Conduction System.. 96 2. 4. 4 Interconnecting Anastomoses............... 97 2. 5 Coronary Veins................... 97 References......................... 98 IV Angiographic Explorations: Congenital Anomalies of the Coronary Arteries........................ 100 1 Anomalies of the Origin, Course and Distribution of Coronary Arteries Arising from the Aorta........ 100 2 Abnormal Origin of a Coronary Artery from the Pulmonary Artery..................... 101 3 Anomalies in the Diameter of Coronary Arteries..... 104 4 Coronary Fistulae........... 109 References......................... 113 VII V Angiographic Explorations: Coronary Atheroma........ 114 1 Left Ventricle........................ 114 1. 1 Morphological Anomalies: Bulging and Lacuna-Like Aspects...........................