EDUCATIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC CHALLENGES OF THE SECOND SPANISH REPUBLIC (1931-1936): AN ONGOING RESEARCH PROJECT

Some advances of a research project that will end in December 2022 are presented. It is analyzing how in the republican years prior to the coup d'état of July 18, 1936 there was a deployment of scientific-technical knowledge that had various results. In higher and secondary education, a quantitative leap and qualitative development were made, thanks to greater support from republican governments for science and education and a broader interest of society in scientific-technical problems. As the socialization of knowledge increased, new audiences for science emerged, among which a significant sector of the urban female population can be detected. This communication presents some project results related to two issues. On the one hand, with the teaching innovations made in the field of secondary education and in the training schools of primary school teachers based on the promotion of active and experimental teaching. On the other hand, with the intensification of the process of internationalization of the Spanish scientific system in those years due to the coming to Spain of foreign scientists to collaborate with its educational and scientific institutions and the ability of the Spanish State during the republican years to host a set of congresses related to various scientific disciplines ranging from medicine to Americanist studies, going through chemistry or entomology.