The association and potential mechanisms between ambient particulate matter and chronic kidney disease

The effect of air pollution on human health becomes a severe public health challenge due to rapid development in global economy and industrialized urbanization. Particulate matter (PM) is one of the major air pollutants and its renal toxicity has gained accumulating attention. Epidemiological evidence identified that the PM contributes to the development and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). This paper reviews the effects of PMs (PM10, PM2.5 and PM1) on CKD and its underlying mechanisms, which provides evidence for control of PM and strategy of managing CKD.