Gastrointestinal bleeding following traumatic brain injury: A clinical study on predisposing factors and outcomes

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most common causes of death and disability worldwide. Stress ulcers are common in critically ill patients and can lead to life-threatening gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB). This study investigates the impact of predisposing factors on GIB and outcomes of TBI patients. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included TBI patients admitted between February 2019 and November 2021. Patients' demographic information and clinical characteristics were collected and divided into Post-TBI GIB and No-GIB groups. During clinical follow-up, the Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS) and mortality were assessed. The correlation between predisposing factors and GIB was investigated. Results: Out of 164 eligible patients, 66.5% were males, and the mean age was 31.38 ± 13.44 years. There was a higher rate of severe TBIs (p