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Anemia in Crohn’s Disease—The Unseen Face of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Authors :
Mihaela Dranga
Lucian Vasile Boiculese
Iolanda Valentina Popa
Mariana Floria
Oana Irina Gavril
Oana-Bogdana Bărboi
Anca Trifan
Cristina Cijevschi Prelipcean
Cătălina Mihai
Otilia Gavrilescu
Source :
Medicina, Vol 57, Iss 10, p 1046 (2021)
Publication Year :
2021
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2021.

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Anemia is the most frequent complication of inflammatory bowel diseases. Clinically, anemia can affect important quality-of-life (QoL) components, such as exercise capacity, cognitive function, and the ability to carry out social activities. The disease activity has a significant impact on QoL, mainly due to clinical manifestations, which are more severe during the periods of disease activity. Our aim was to estimate the impact of anemia on QoL in patients with Crohn’s disease. Material and Methods. We made a prospective study on 134 patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) in a Romanian tertiary center. The CD diagnosis was established by colonoscopy and histopathological examination. In particular cases, additional examinations were required (small bowel capsule endoscopy, computed tomography enterography, and magnetic resonance enterography). Anemia was defined according to the World Health Organization’s definition, the activity of the disease was assessed by Crohn’s disease activity index (CDAI) score, and the QoL was evaluated by Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire 32 (IBDQ 32). Results: 44.8% patient had anemia, statistically related to the activity of the disease and corticoids use. We found a strong association between QoL and disease activity on all four sub-scores: patients with more severe activity had a significantly lower IBDQ (260.38 ± 116.96 vs. 163.85 ± 87.20, p = 0.001) and the presence of anemia (127.03 vs. 148.38, p = 0.001). In multiple regression analyses, both disease activity and anemia had an impact on the QoL. Conclusions: Anemia has high prevalence in the CD in northeastern region of Romania. Anemia was more common in female patients, in patients undergoing corticosteroid treatment, and in those with active disease. Both anemia and disease activity had a strong negative and independent impact on QoL.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
16489144 and 1010660X
Volume :
57
Issue :
10
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Medicina
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.fb1828a0091d4a66bfaee48da91e7e11
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina57101046