300 GHz Low-Cost PCB Vivaldi Antenna Array and Transition Structure to WR-3 Waveguide

This paper presents an array of four Vivaldi antennas, a 1-to-4 power divider for feeding, and a transition structure to a WR-3 waveguide. The power divider is based on substrate integrated waveguides and the transition to the rectangular waveguide is achieved by a coupled patch antenna structure. The whole antenna array with the transition structure is printed on one layer of circuit board substrate and the linewidths are greater than 0.125 mm for low-cost fabrication. The simulation of the array antenna with the transition structure shows a peak realized gain of 13.6 dBi and the gain variation in the operating frequency band 272 - 311 GHz is less than 0.4 dB, suitable for operation in the channel 67 in IEEE 802.15.3d. The measurement results of the gain pattern and the reflection coefficient of both antenna element and the array antenna match well with the simulation results.