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Previous Humoral Immunity to the Endemic Seasonal Alphacoronaviruses NL63 and 229E Is Associated with Worse Clinical Outcome in COVID-19 and Suggests Original Antigenic Sin

Authors :
Daniele Focosi
Angelo Genoni
Ersilia Lucenteforte
Silvia Tillati
Antonio Tamborini
Pietro Giorgio Spezia
Lorenzo Azzi
Andreina Baj
Fabrizio Maggi
Source :
Life, Vol 11, Iss 4, p 298 (2021)
Publication Year :
2021
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2021.

Abstract

Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2) infection has been hypothesized. However, to date, there has been no in vitro or in vivo evidence supporting this. Cross-reactivity exists between SARS CoV-2 and other Coronaviridae for both cellular and humoral immunity. We show here that IgG against nucleocapsid protein of alphacoronavirus NL63 and 229E correlate with the World Health Organization’s (WHO) clinical severity score ≥ 5 (incidence rate ratios was 1.87 and 1.80, respectively, and 1.94 for the combination). These laboratory findings suggest possible ADE of SARS CoV-2 infection by previous alphacoronavirus immunity.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
20751729
Volume :
11
Issue :
4
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Life
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.f5d5e6ee2ea544a8ae3693ea8ca7cdec
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/life11040298