Potential and Development of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine Systems and Technologies: A Review

Wind energy has a potency of playing a vital role in the future of energy demand providing and environment freshening in many areas of the world. Utilizing wind turbine systems has become a competitive recourse among other renewable energy sources in terms of cost-effectiveness and the transition toward renewable energy usage. Researchers and developers are constantly dedicated to innovating to improve the technology of designing wind turbine systems. Wind energy depends mainly on the wind velocity and the area that swept them, increasing the wetted area. This is done by either upscaling the area of the wind rotor or constructing multi-wind turbines according to the type of designs that fit modern innovative systems. Though large wind turbine units do not fit with all sites, especially in cities, these turbines may be installed offshore and onshore. This paper aims to explore the relevant works technologies related to the wind energy potential, developments, design improvements, and multi-rotor horizontal axis wind turbine systems (HAWTs). This was achieved based on favorable characteristics such as economic viability and clean energy resources. Hence, these aspects reduce the environmental impacts and improve technological advantages and profitability. The results of this paper provide a recognizable system's facts and platforms that can be easily utilized. Wind Energy has the potency of hybridization with other renewable energy resources, which play an important role in urban planning, smart cities, and Buildings integration.