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Rapid Identification of Characteristic Chemical Constituents of Panax ginseng, Panax quinquefolius, and Panax japonicus Using UPLC-Q-TOF/MS

Authors :
Liu Jinbiao
Zhang Xinyue
Yang Shenshen
Wang Shuo
Liu Chengcheng
Yang Bin
Li Yubo
Cai Ting
Source :
Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry, Vol 2022 (2022)
Publication Year :
2022
Publisher :
Wiley, 2022.

Abstract

Saponins are the main active components in Panax ginseng C. A. Mey. (PG), Panax quinquefolius L. (PQ), and Panax japonicus C. A. Mey. (PJ), which belong to the genus Panax in the Araliaceae family. Because the chemical components in the three species are similar, they are often mixed and misused in functional foods and pharmaceuticals applications. Therefore, it is urgent to establish a method to quickly distinguish among PG, PQ, and PJ. Ultraperformance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) was combined with data postprocessing to identify the main characteristic fragments (CFs) and the related neutral losses (NLs) of protopanaxadiol (PPD), protopanaxatriol (PPT), oleanolic acid (OLE), and ocotillol- (OCO-) type saponins. By comparing the mass spectral data, it was possible to rapidly classify and identify saponins in PG, PQ, and PJ. A total of twenty-three chemical components were identified in the PG samples, twenty-three components were identified in the PQ samples, and twenty-seven components were identified in the PJ samples. Among them, OCO-type saponins were characteristic of PQ and PJ. Ginsenoside Rf, which was absent from PQ, allowed for differentiation between PQ and PJ. The CFs and NLs in the mass spectra of the characteristic components of PG, PQ, and PJ allowed for the rapid classification and identification of these species. Additionally, these results provide technical support for the quality evaluation of Chinese herbal medicine and for constructing a scientific regulatory system.

Subjects

Subjects :
Analytical chemistry
QD71-142

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
20908873
Volume :
2022
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.f40f7b4e3c0745eeaab8174cf8d77316
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/6463770