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Cardiovascular system status of long-livers in Moscow: the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and their risk factors

Authors :
K. A. Eruslanova
A. V. Luzina
Yu. S. Onuchina
V. S. Ostapenko
N. V. Sharashkina
E. R. Alimova
D. U. Akasheva
E. V. Bazaeva
A. I. Ershova
O. M. Drapkina
Yu. V. Kotovskaya
N. K. Runikhina
O. N. Tkacheva
Source :
Российский кардиологический журнал, Vol 26, Iss 1S (2021)
Publication Year :
2021
Publisher :
«FIRMA «SILICEA» LLC, 2021.

Abstract

Over the past century, an increase in life expectancy has been observed in Russia and in the world. According to the United Nations, by 2100, the number of centenarians worldwide will reach 25 million. Despite the annual increase in the number of super-centenarians, this age group remains poorly understood.Aim. To estimate the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and the main risk factors among super-centenarians in Moscow.Material and methods. According to the register of long-livers in Moscow, 82 people aged 95 to 105 were included. Participants were examined at home.The history of life and the presence of chronic diseases was collected by participant words. To assess the state of cardiovascular system, an ultrasound of the heart and main arteries was performed.Results. Conventional CVD risk factors were the exception rather than the rule among study participants (smoking — 8 patients (9,8%), alcohol abuse — 4 (4,9%), obesity — 6 (7,3%)). Dyslipidemia was relatively widespread (n=37; 45,1%), however, there were no pronounced abnormalities in the lipid profile: the maximum increase in low-density lipoproteins was 5,6 mmol/L. The most common CVDs among the participants were hypertension (n=64; 78%), coronary artery disease (n=42; 51,2%), and heart failure (n=26; 31,7%); other diseases were much less common. The most common echocardiographic changes were left atrial dilatation (n=38; 74,5%), increased left ventricular mass, thickening of left ventricular posterior wall (n=24; 48%) and interventricular septum (n=51; 100%). Diastolic and systolic heart failure were not widespread among long-livers: 16 (32%) and 2 (3,9%), respectively. Despite a rather large number of atherosclerotic plaques in the common carotid and femoral arteries, the number of hemodynamically significant plaques was low (n=3; 4,6%). An intima-media thickening up to 1,0-1,1 mm was found.Conclusion. Long-livers in Moscow are characterized by a low prevalence of traditional CVD risk factors (with the exception of hypertension) and a fairly high prevalence of atherosclerotic CVDs, which are characterized by a subclinical course.

Details

Language :
Russian
ISSN :
15604071 and 26187620
Volume :
26
Issue :
1S
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Российский кардиологический журнал
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.f2951335cdfe4539bd24ebc10de634f3
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.15829/1560-4071-2021-4028