Sub pico-second optical pulses in birefringent fibers for Kaup–Newell equation with cutting-edge integration technologies

This research article studies sub pico-second optical pulses in birefringent fibers. The Kaup–Newell equation in coupled vector form is firstly introduced. Bright, dark and singular solitons are obtained by modified simple and trial function principles. Keywords: Kaup–Newell model, Trial function, Solitons, Modified simple function