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Green Synthesis of S- and N-Codoped Carbon Nanospheres and Application as Adsorbent of Pb (II) from Aqueous Solution
Green Synthesis of S- and N-Codoped Carbon Nanospheres and Application as Adsorbent of Pb (II) from Aqueous Solution
- Source :
- International Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol 2020 (2020)
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Hindawi Limited, 2020.
-
Abstract
- In this paper, green and facile synthesis of sulfur- and nitrogen-codoped carbon nanospheres (CNs) was prepared from the extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa L by a direct hydrothermal method. Finally, sulfur-carbon nanospheres (CNs) were used as the adsorbent to remove Pb+2 ions from aqueous solutions because of the high surface area of S-CNs from CNs and N-CNs. The synthesized nanospheres were examined by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. The results show spherical shapes have a particle size of up to 65 nm with a high surface area capable of absorbing lead ions efficiently. Additionally, the factors affecting the process of adsorption that include equilibrium time, temperature, pH solution, ionic intensity, and adsorbent dose were studied. The equilibrium removal efficiency was studied employing Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherm forms. The kinetic data were analyzed with two different kinetic models, and both apply to the adsorption process depending on the values of correlation coefficients. The thermodynamic parameters including Gibbs free energy (ΔG°), standard enthalpy change (ΔH°), and standard entropy change (ΔS°) were calculated for the adsorption process.
- Subjects :
- Chemical engineering
TP155-156
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1687806X and 16878078
- Volume :
- 2020
- Database :
- Directory of Open Access Journals
- Journal :
- International Journal of Chemical Engineering
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- edsdoj.f0605372dc574ad8bac6b9fdb49a31f4
- Document Type :
- article
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/9068358