Risk factors and outcomes for the acquisition of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacillus bacteremia: A retrospective propensity-matched case control study

Background/purpose: A substantial number of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (CR GNB) have been identified among the etiologic multidrug-resistant GNB in healthcare-associated infections. For achieving a better therapeutic outcome by minimizing inappropriate empirical antibiotic treatment before blood culture and susceptibility testing results are available, it is very important to identify patients who are at risk for the development of CR GNB bacteremia. Methods: Retrospective analysis of propensity-score matched (PSM) adult patients with CR GNB bacteremia (PSM-group 1 [n = 95]) and those with non-CR GNB bacteremia (PSM-group 2 [n = 190]). Results: PSM-group 1 was found to a significantly longer length of hospital stay (27 vs. 18 days; p