Research progress of perioperative cognitive function changes in patients with ischemic moyamoya disease

Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a chronic cerebrovascular disease of unknown etiology characterized by progressive stenosis or occlusion of unilateral or bilateral terminal internal carotid arteries, accompanied by the abnormal cerebrovascular network (moyamoya vessels) at the skull base. In recent years, with the continuous improvement of medical technology and research level, the detection rate of peri-operative cognitive changes in MMD patients has gradually increased. This paper reviews the clinical manifestations, pathogenesis and influencing factors of peri-operative cognitive changes in patients with ischemic MMD, and focuses on the electroencephalogram(EEG) and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) features associated with cognitive impairment in patients with MMD.