MXenes the future of solid-state supercapacitors: Status, challenges, prospects, and applications

Due to the rapid technological advancements of various sectors in recent decades, there has been a growing need for energy, necessitating the development of large-capacity, robust, adaptable, and economical energy storage systems. The most current energy-storage material known as “MXene” is a two-dimensional layered transition metal nitride or carbonitride and carbide. A covalently bonded layer is exfoliated from its parent MAX (Mn + 1AXn) phase by selective chemical etching. MXene commands the highest demand of all the two-dimensional families of materials due to its extraordinary characteristics, which include high conductivity, flexible surface functional groups, excellent mechanical properties, superior hydrophilicity, electrochemical nature, and the thickness of its atomic layers. MXene is used in solid-state supercapacitors, batteries, antimicrobial films, gas and biosensors, water splitting, electromagnetic interference shielding, and photo- and electrocatalysis. Because of MXene’s special qualities, researchers are concentrating on developing the material further, both theoretically and experimentally. Utilizing a variety of microfabrication processes, MXene microelectrodes of micro-sized energy storage devices (MESDs) have been previously created. Distinct methodologies influence not only the apparatus’s arrangement but also the composition of MXene microelectrodes and the electrochemical efficacy of MESDs. ,This review study addresses relevant topics and provides a topical summary of the state-of-the-art regarding MXene-based energy storage devices. The field’s challenges and prospects for the future are discussed in the final part.