Fast Distance Protection Scheme for Wind Farm Transmission Lines Considering R-L and Bergeron Models

The distributed capacitance of the line becomes larger as the scale of wind farms, the transmission voltage level, and the transmission distance increase. Hence, the error of the traditional time-domain distance protection scheme based on the R-L model, which ignores the distributed capacitance of the line, becomes unacceptable. Therefore, the error of the time-domain fault location method based on the R-L model, especially the maximum error range, is theoretically analyzed in this paper. On this basis, a novel fault location method based on the R-L and Bergeron models is proposed. Then, a fast time-domain distance protection scheme is designed. In the proposed scheme, the error in the fitting calculation is used to construct a weight matrix, and an algorithm for solving the time-domain differential equations is designed to improve the calculation speed and stability. Compared with the traditional frequency-domain distance protection scheme, the proposed scheme is independent of the power supply characteristics; thus, it is suitable for wind farm transmission lines. In addition, compared with the traditional method based on the R-L model, the proposed scheme effectively avoids the negative influence of the distributed capacitance of the line, which significantly improves the operating speed. Different types of faults are simulated by PSCAD/EMT-DC to verify the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed scheme.