Dynamic impact of hybrid wind-solar photovoltaic power injection on small signal stability of Nigerian 11kV power system using Self Organizing Map neural network

Power industry reorganization, legislation on greenhouse gas emissions and inadequate conventional generation capacity encourage the idea of incorporating Distributed Generation (DG) into the distribution networks as unconventional sources of power generation. High penetration of DG has further increased the complexity of the analysis of small signal stability because the variability of renewable energy sources affects the stability of power system. Therefore, this research work investigates the effect of wind and solar photovoltaic power injection on small signal stability of Nigerian 11 kV power network. Wind and solar photovoltaic were modelled using probabilistic methods and output power at twenty-one different locations within Nigeria was computed. Using the real and reactive power data of the network, Self-Organizing Map (SOM) neural network was trained and tested for the assessment of the small signal stability of the distribution network before and after the injection of renewable power in python virtual environment. The integration of hybrid wind-solar PV distributed generation at 30 %, 60 %, 90 % and 100 % into the studied 11 kV power distribution network improved its small signal stability by 1.4 %, 2.1 %, 2.5 % and 3.2 % respectively. Moreover, increase in the injection of power gotten from wind and solar sources reduces the oscillation frequency of the system from 1.39 Hz to 1.01 Hz and increases the damping from 4.6 % to 13.2 %. Reactive power increment in the range of 5 %-20 % improved the small signal stability of the system by the range 2.4 %-7 %. This improvement will translate to better power transfer capability of the network.