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Advances in BBB on Chip and Application for Studying Reversible Opening of Blood–Brain Barrier by Sonoporation

Authors :
Yicong Cai
Kexin Fan
Jiawei Lin
Lin Ma
Fenfang Li
Source :
Micromachines, Vol 14, Iss 1, p 112 (2022)
Publication Year :
2022
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2022.

Abstract

The complex structure of the blood–brain barrier (BBB), which blocks nearly all large biomolecules, hinders drug delivery to the brain and drug assessment, thus decelerating drug development. Conventional in vitro models of BBB cannot mimic some crucial features of BBB in vivo including a shear stress environment and the interaction between different types of cells. There is a great demand for a new in vitro platform of BBB that can be used for drug delivery studies. Compared with in vivo models, an in vitro platform has the merits of low cost, shorter test period, and simplicity of operation. Microfluidic technology and microfabrication are good tools in rebuilding the BBB in vitro. During the past decade, great efforts have been made to improve BBB penetration for drug delivery using biochemical or physical stimuli. In particular, compared with other drug delivery strategies, sonoporation is more attractive due to its minimized systemic exposure, high efficiency, controllability, and reversible manner. BBB on chips (BOC) holds great promise when combined with sonoporation. More details and mechanisms such as trans-endothelial electrical resistance (TEER) measurements and dynamic opening of tight junctions can be figured out when using sonoporation stimulating BOC, which will be of great benefit for drug development. Herein, we discuss the recent advances in BOC and sonoporation for BBB disruption with this in vitro platform.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
2072666X
Volume :
14
Issue :
1
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Micromachines
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.bde8cb7ba96c4fcaa029bdf12a46f4fb
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14010112