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An Abnormal Inflammatory Pattern Associated with Long-Term Non-Progression of HIV Infection Impacts Negatively on Bone Quality

Authors :
Jade Soldado-Folgado
Juan José Chillarón
Esperanza Cañas-Ruano
Itziar Arrieta-Aldea
Alicia González-Mena
Fabiola Blasco-Hernando
Hernando Knobel
Natalia Garcia-Giralt
Robert Güerri-Fernández
Source :
Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 11, Iss 10, p 2927 (2022)
Publication Year :
2022
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2022.

Abstract

Introduction. Long-term non-progressors (LTNPs) are HIV-infected individuals (HIV+) whose viral replication is controlled. However, these individuals experience complications associated with HIV, among them, bone remodeling impairment. This study aims to perform a comprehensive bone health assessment and its association with the inflammatory status of HIV+ LTNPs. A cross-sectional study was conducted comparing bone strength components (bone mineral density and bone tissue quality) between age-, sex-, and comorbidities-matched groups of HIV+ LTNPs, HIV+ progressors, and HIV-negative individuals. A panel of bone turnover and inflammatory biomarkers was measured in fasting plasma using ELISA. Bone tissue quality was assessed by bone microindentation, a technique that directly measures the bone resistance to fracture and yields a dimensionless quantifiable parameter called bone material strength (BMSi). Thirty patients were included: ten LTNPs, ten HIV+ progressors, and ten HIV-negative individuals. LTNPs showed an abnormal pattern of immune activation that was represented by significantly lower levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 (p = 0.03), pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-8 (p = 0.01), and TNF-α (p < 0.001) with respect to the other groups. Regarding bone health, LTNPs presented lower BMSi, and thus, worse bone tissue quality than HIV-negative individuals (83 (78–85) vs. 90 (89–93), respectively; p = 0.003), and also lower BMSi than HIV+ progressors (83 (78–85) vs. 86 (85–89), respectively; p = 0.022). A trend was found of lower BMSi in HIV+ progressors with respect to the HIV-negative individuals (86 (85–89) vs. 90 (89–93), respectively; p = 0.083). No differences were detected in bone mineral density between groups. In conclusion, LTNPs showed a different inflammatory profile, along with worse bone tissue quality, when compared to HIV+ progressors and HIV-negative individuals. This may contribute to increasing evidence that HIV infection itself has a deleterious effect on bone tissue, likely through a persistent altered inflammation status.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
20770383
Volume :
11
Issue :
10
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Journal of Clinical Medicine
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.b9890afaeced46daa4979ef211a94705
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11102927