Exploring the evolving landscape of COVID-19 interfaced with livelihoods

Abstract The aim of this study was to gain an understanding of the evolving landscape of research on the intricate relationship between COVID-19 and livelihoods, while also identifying research gaps and directions. To achieve this aim, a systematic review methodology was adopted, and metadata was developed using VOSviewer and R software. A total of 1988 relevant articles on COVID-19 and livelihoods were collected since the outbreak of the pandemic. However, after applying exclusion criteria and conducting thorough reviews, only 1503 articles were deemed suitable for analysis. The data was analyzed in relation to three phases of COVID-19 impacts: the early stage of COVID, the middle stages during the outbreak, and the post-recovery phase. We examined the distribution of research disciplines, regions, authors, institutions, and keywords across these phases. The findings revealed that coping strategies, food security, public health, mental health, social vulnerability, and regional differences were extensively researched areas in relation to COVID-19 and livelihoods. It was found that the United States had the highest volume of research on COVID-19 and livelihoods. Additionally, the top 1.28% of journals published 18.76% of the literature, with a predominantly focused on the environmental category. This study offers valuable perspectives into the vulnerability caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and its impacts on livelihoods. Furthermore, it provides lessons learned, outlines potential future research pathways to understand the dynamics between environmental factors (like COVID-19) and livelihood stress, and includes a comparison of traditional livelihoods research.