Uncertain Time Series Analysis for the Confirmed Case of Brucellosis in China

Brucellosis, as an infectious disease that affects both humans and livestock, poses a serious threat to human health and has a severe impact on economic development. Essentially, brucellosis transmission is a kind of study in biological systems, and the epistemic uncertainty existing in the data of confirmed brucellosis cases in China is realized as significant uncertainty that needs to be addressed. Therefore, this paper proposes an uncertain time series model to explore the confirmed brucellosis cases in China. Then, some methods based on uncertain statistics and symmetry of the biological system are applied, including order estimation, parameter estimation, residual analysis, uncertain hypothesis test, and forecast. The proposed model is practically applied to the data of confirmed brucellosis cases in China from January 2017 to December 2020, and the results show that the uncertain model fits the observed data better than the probabilistic model due to the frequency instability inherent in the data of confirmed brucellosis cases. Based on the proposed model and statistical method, this paper develops an approach to rapidly forecast the number of confirmed brucellosis cases in small sample scenarios, which can contribute to epidemic control in real application.